Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2012 year.

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51. The object-oriented programming trends in the design of KuMir [№4 за 2012 год]
Author: Леонов А.Г.
Visitors: 11265
In the modern world, the development of multi-platform software in theory is greatly simplified compared to the past century. It offers programming techniques such as recycling (re-use) of the source and (or) binary code, the use of interpreters and emulators, virtualization, Web-technology, etc. In practice, most of these methods are complicated and cumbersome and cannot alone (de facto) to provide multi-platform developed programs and systems. If the software system is to be used at computers and computer systems with completely different interfaces and capabilities, we have to use a special set of techniques and tools to reduce the time and resources for developing the software system. System KuMir combines different development environments (from pictographic to integrated with the runtime system), various programming languages (from pictograms and school algorithmic language to Pascal, C++, Phyton), a variety of programcontrolled performers (from virtual to created, for example, LEGO Mindstorms NXT). The range of equipment that can be used for KuMir is very broad: standard desktop computer with a keyboard and mouse, laptops, tablet computers, mobile devices (phones). These devices are equipped with a whole range of system software: MS Windows, Linux, MacOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Maemo, MeeGo, IOS, etc. These devices are equipped with a variety of man-machine interface, which also imposes certain requirements for the development process. Multiple technologies (such as the maximum use of a single software code, the use of an object-oriented programming, portable class libraries PLO, discipline and technology of parallel software development, virtualization, etc.) are used for software development enabling multi-platform of the software system that reduces the time and programmer resources necessary for the implementation,. The complexity of the problem is exacerbated by the fact that KuMir is being developed as a network system, in which various software robots being in their own worlds can be controlled by programs from a variety of devices on the network. Pedagogical problems that can be solved with this approach is not limited to the study of the foundations of procedural programming, but can be extended to the study of parallel programming, problem solving logic, mathematical problems of varying complexity (virtual robot is on the endless surface) and problems in mechanics (for control of LEGO Mindstorms NXT). Moreover, to solve a particular problem may require communication between students whose programs address common algorithmic problems.

52. Workflow with flexible transitions of stellar type [№4 за 2012 год]
Authors: Вышенский С.В., Дубенская Ю.Ю.
Visitors: 10433
A method of building interactive software systems is proposed, which is based on flexible workflow technology. In these systems a violation of the technological discipline is allowed, which comprise unforeseen transitions between the allowed states. During the evolution of the individual workflow instance (token) it may be needed to change the order of the states, to skip some state or to return again to a state in which the token has already been. These actions can be performed in a special operation mode of the information system. To implement this mode an initial description of workflow (which does not allow for violation of the technological discipline) should be in advance modified the addition of special states and transitions. The method is mainly implemented using standard definition of workflow in a high level language. In this case, from the point of view of the operator, unforeseen transition is barely different from the usual transition, and the operator may not be aware of the fact that the interactive system is based on workflow technology. The flexibility of the system is achieved in the course of its operation, and the operator does not need to be a qualified developer or analyst. The method is presented with an example of the open source software called perl-workflow. The proposed method of implementing unforeseen transitions in workflow is applicable, for example, in monitoring systems. These results extend the range of applicability of information systems based on workflow technology.

53. Evolutionary three-stage approach for designing of neural networks ensembles for classification problems [№4 за 2012 год]
Author: Bukhtoyarov V.V.
Visitors: 10141
The use of neural networks ensemble approach for solving classification problems is discussed. Methods for forming ensembles of neural networks and methods for combining solutions in ensembles of classifiers are reviewed briefly. The main ideas of comprehensive evolutionary approach for automatic design of neural networks ensembles are described. A new variant of a three-level evolutionary approach to decision making in ensembles of neural networks is proposed for classification problems. Steps to produce solutions using proposed method are described. Comparative experiments on a number of known test problems (benchmarks) were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of proposed approach. A brief description of the used test problems is given. The conditions and results of the comparative statistical study of different classification methods efficiency are also described. The results of the numerical experiments which were carried out show that the proposed approach is not less effective on used test problems than the most of methods which were taken into consideration. And it also allows to obtain best results on a number of test problems. The directions for further investigations concerning evaluating of the efficiency of the proposed approach on wide range of large-scale data sets and prospects of applying approach in real-world applications are briefly marked in the conclusion.

54. Identity federation of the research and educational networks [№4 за 2012 год]
Authors: Ovsyannikov, A.P., Савин Г.И., Shabanov, B.M.
Visitors: 11437
The article is devoted to identity federations of the research and educational networks. Research and educational networks contain a lot of informational and computing resources. These resources are in a dif-ferent organizational, administrative and public supervision. Scientific resources require authentication, for example, to monitor compliance with intellectual property rights, the definition of user rights, etc. Authorization methods with user authentication by his institution are commonly used. Identity federation is a group of institutions had an agreements on mutual access to their resources, developed a common policy and user identity framework, and implemented them on the organizational and technical level. Identity federation have operational team, steering group and user support service. Due to diversity and international level of the research identity federations cooperates to interfederation. The article describes eduroam and eduGAIN identity federations, based on different authentication technologies. Joint Supercomputer Center of Russian Academy of Sciences (JSCC RAS) is participant of the above projects. JSCC RAS works on creation of identity federation in the Russian research and education community and supports coop-eration with European projects. JSCC supports Eduroam in Russia that is open for participation of any research and education institution.

55. Software complex for modeling object motion with impact barrier [№4 за 2012 год]
Authors: Манжосов В.К., Новиков Д.А.
Visitors: 11424
The paper gives a review of the object motion model with a periodic force of the relay type and impact with the rigid barrier. Software complex provides a solution to the equations of motion taking into account the impacts, force discontinuous functions and chattering phenomenon. The mathematical modeling results generate numeric values base and they are reproduced in the form of the corresponding diagrams during the process of simulation. The motion animation sequence are implemented, the diagrams of displacement, velocity and object acceleration and motion phase diagram are reproduced. It is possible to implement turn-based a modeling process. The ability to analyze the transitions and the motion limit cycle is provided. Statistical analysis of the numerical sequence pretonic speeds is performed to estimate the shock system to steady state of motion in addition to visual assessments. The analysis allows to implement a rigorous statement of the system output at steady state to a given level of deviation of numeric values that do not exceed a small value. The implementation of the parallel computing of experiment and output of simulation results in the graphs of displacement, velocity and acceleration is provided to conduct a comparative analysis of simulation results of various experiments in the software product. This procedure is effectively used in the analysis of the motion stability. Modeling management algorithm and its implementation elements in the problem-oriented software package for computational experiment are proposed.

56. Evolutionary method of ranking and classification of biological objects [№4 за 2012 год]
Author: Цыганкова И.А.
Visitors: 10815
Method of classification of biological objects is suggested in this article. The method is based on the evolutionary approach to the solution of the extremal problem of multivariable function. Method is aimed at processing multidimensional data arrays, which features are high dimensionality and small sample size of objects. The method is based on the ranking of the objects in multidimensional space relative to some base element. Search of this base element is carried out by a modified genetic algorithm. The method implements dual ranking of objects relative to the base element: the ordering of objects into classes, and the ordering of objects in ascending distance from the base element within classes. Belonging of the new object to one of the classes is determined by its rank in an ordered series of objects of learning sample. The proposed classification method does not require reducing the dimensionality of the feature space. This eliminates the loss of important information and allows considering internal communications in these information arrays. Method allows the construction of hierarchical class of algorithms, which models the obtaining of the decision classification procedure using different types of representations of the base element in a multidimensional space and the various options for the ordering of classes in formed sequence of objects. The method is initially aimed to be used in parallel computation. It should be noted that the method does not require performance of compactness hypotheses, and can also work with overlapping classes of objects.

57. The experimental cloud computing environment in institute of Mathematics and Mechanics Ural Branch of RAS [№4 за 2012 год]
Authors: Ermakov D.G., Усталов Д.А.
Visitors: 11737
This paper considers the problem of providing a scalable computing infrastructure to consolidate computing equipment used for developing and debugging software as well as for the didactic support of educational courses. Software specifications are formulated and the following existent solutions are reviewed and compared: Eucalyptus, OpenNebula, OpenStack, and Nimbus. A decision is made to perform an experimental deployment of the OpenNebula suite based on the KVM hypervisor and the GNU/Linux operating system. OpenNebula is an open source software designed to control the cloud environment of the Infrastructure-As-a-Service class. The KVM hypervisor was developed by Red Hat and is supported by OpenNebula as a default virtualization solution. The available computational resources of the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and dedicated backend nodes for the experimental cloud computing environment are described. The configuration of a typical cloud computing node under the Scientific Linux 6.1 (x86_64) operating system with the LVM, KVM, and libvirt technologies is presented. The cloud environment architecture is presented at both logical and physical levels. Some difficulties concerning the SELinux security system and the fault-tolerance performance are described. A plan of further work in the following directions is suggested: integration with the Active Directory domain system, application of the network-attached storage to keep the images of virtual machines, migration to the MySQL relational database, and the testing and presentation of scalable Web services to cloud computing end users at the IMM UrB RAS.

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