Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 3 at 2012 year.

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21. Traffic control models in traffic jam condition [№3 за 2012 год]
Authors: T.I. Mikheeva, S.V. Mikheev
Visitors: 9503
Transport stream is a controlled object in the intellectual transportation system. Such transport stream behaves stochastically, it is unstable and its features can vary in time. Continuing stream can be divided in the following traffic conditions: free stream, group stream and intensive stream. Free stream has low stream intensity. In case group stream is characterized by hindrance to traffic, the traffic is unstable; forming of such traffic groups can lead to loss of speed and traffic intensity, which means intensive stream. When the traffic density grows to the critical point, (road congestion density) the intensity drops down from the value of traffic handling capacity to zero. The area of critical density can contain point of function discontinuity V=f(k), which leads to abrupt change of the traffic speed. Little growth in traffic intensity can lead to a situation when the car queue is not able to fit into the space interval and therefore it blocks road intersection. Unstable traffic stream in relation to traffic handling capacity and spread of the stream disturbance leads to the break of its characteristics and fluctuation of amount of vehicles results into unstable traffic arrangement in relation to traffic handling capacity and development of bifurcation point Catastrophism was selected, models provided by this theory help to develop road traffic models, which include loss of stability, discovering factors that influence abrupt change of characteristics based on catastrophe parameters, construction and study of the model. Recognition, prediction, dissolution and prevention of road congestion conditions presents vital problem in the management of traffic streams.

22. Neural models of heterogeneous spatial coordinated data [№3 за 2012 год]
Authors: T.I. Mikheeva, Сапрыкин О.Н., S.V. Mikheev
Visitors: 9254
Vehicle park grows much faster than the road construction work pace and it creates the need for use of intellectual transportation system in order to increase management efficiency of transportation infrastructure in the urban area. Intellectual transportation systems are required that can embrace heterogeneous array data and use neural and geoinformational technologies with information support and high performance of the management system. Performance means reduction of crush rate and increase of traffic handling capacity concerning transportation network. Transportation infrastructure presents a complex system of interacting units involved in transportation system, technical facilities involved in traffic control and traffic stream itself. Analytical geoinformational subsystems integrate spatial coordinated data and methods that help to search information related to geographic nature, properties and relations between objects. Search of hidden consistent patterns in spatial coordinated data uses certain property of neural networks, which approximates any parameter with given accuracy. Transportation infrastructure ontology contains substance groups with close context dependent semantic links. Each ontology group is provided with data pre-processing technique that transform different input data array into output form which can provide task solution using neural networks. Given optimum multilayer perception architecture helps to solve any task. It shows sufficiency of one hidden layer and designed technique is provided for discovering of optimal number of neural elements in the hidden layer based on complex usage of external criteria and mean square deviation values of dependent parameters. The technique implementing construction of double multi-row neural network with active neural elements provides construction of nonlinear structure for multivariable regression model.

23. Some peculiarities of ontology building for multiagent system of intrashop planning [№3 за 2012 год]
Author: Andreev M.V.
Visitors: 9893
The article is devoted to practical use of ontology in multiagent system of intrashop planning in the course of solution of problem of resources operational management of the machine enterprise tool shop. It describes the successful experience of development of automated system of resources intelligent distribution of the tool shop in real time, where the graduates, students and postgraduates of the department of information systems and technologies of Samara State Aerospace University took an active part under the technical supervision of the author in the period of 2010–2012. The concepts Problem and Resource are proposed as the main concepts of the production shop schedule ontology. In order to describe the complicated structure of the problems it is proposed to introduce the relevant ontological ratios «being a subproblem», «to precede» and «to strictly precede», which expand the classical description of technological processes used in the problems of production planning. Formalization of description of problems and resources planning peculiarities is introduced by means of ontological properties, which can be described in the form of tag clouds. Determination of consistency between problems and resources by means of juxtaposition of ontological properties allows the resource selection to be automated while planning technological operations in terms of problems of strategic and operating planning of the enterprise production department (shop) activity. The algorithm described in the article allows implementation of ranking of problem resource-wise allocation variants with regard to individual properties of separate instances and practical usage of ontological description tool box. The obtained results should be recommended to the designers of production planning intelligent systems, and, particularly, multiagent systems and technologies of production resource distribution.

24. About gaming models usage in problems related to employees’ inrteracting automation in an enterprise [№3 за 2012 год]
Author: Пейсахович Д.Г.
Visitors: 8555
This article reviews application of gaming model to simulation modeling of employees’ interaction in R&D and manufacturing in intradepartmental planning process. Modern simulation modeling technologies show good results in creation of conditions, protocols and regulations related to interaction of employees in integrated information environment, as they make possible to build and study interaction gaming models. Thus, in production planning it becomes possible to build situations with dynamically formed conflict between production process participants provides better technical and economic performance comparing to results after solution of optimization problem. Summary of the article is based on comparison of results from game simulation model between economic operator and process engineer, which have different goals of production schedule optimization and development of the plan that is optimized according to selected criteria. The article shows that some dependences of price vs. execution time, the game simulation between economic operator and process engineer provides better solutions in comparison with standard optimization planning. This work expands use of interaction model in multiplayer integrated information environment existing at the enterprise and it can be used in design and implementation of automated intellectual planning systems, including systems constructed with distributed network architectures, multiagent technologies and heuristic algorithms that support consistent decision making.

25. About a method of knowledge representation [№3 за 2012 год]
Author: G.B. Bronfeld
Visitors: 11512
In the article there is considered a new method for knowledge modeling in the form of molingas by creating knowledge bases of intelligence systems. In this approach simple sentences are represented as short semantic network by an expert-editor in manual or semi-automatic way that has long been applied when creating expert systems. The original grammatical structure is retained. Complex sentences are divided in simple ones. The received model of sentence is named molinga. The study gives its formal description. Molingas include many ID numbers, core, molinga core usability condition, code sequence of dictionaries numbers, confidence level, postconditions. There is given a kind of semantic network which can represent the core of molinga. Knowledge base consists of a set of molingas. The article describes a step-by-step procedure for obtaining molingas as text models. Simple sentences that have semantic meaning of already entered molingas, do not enter again in the knowledge base. The passage of real text demonstrates the knowledge base example created as a set of molingas, the glossary of terms is given, which is then used with this knowledge base by inferencing. The text has a link to the author's new patent on this knowledge modeling technology. This way of knowledge modeling from texts enables technology of direct knowledge overlay. Similar approach has been used by D. Grey by creation of purely numerical databases. This approach can be used to de-velop intelligence systems for a wide range of knowledge.

26. Optical meter of geometrical parameters of curve-based surfaces [№3 за 2012 год]
Authors: O.A. Zayakin, V.N. Belopukhov
Visitors: 8851
It presents the developments of calculation formulae and algorithms to get contour images of curve-based surfaces by triangulation technique using specularly reflected probing light beam. It reviews the model of geometrical optics optical scanning, provided that incident and reflected light beams are thin. The mathematical model of optical diagram was obtained in the form of four simultaneous equations. In order to check the obtained formulae at significant circular deviations the computer model of optical measuring scheme was created. The article describes the optical mechanics block of laboratory breadboard prototype created by the authors for the experiment. The conducted experiments indicated that the recovered profile coincided in detail with the scanned one with a given error. In another series of the experiments, the breadboard prototype worked in the same manner as if the detail rotated, and it resulted in the virtual radial profile free from a kinematic error. As a result of the experiment it was revealed that the measurement error was determined during the experiment by the kinematic error of turn of the controlled detail in the course of scanning. The work was partially carried out within the framework of scientific research «Analysis and synthesis of light fields in laser-based metrology and technology» (state reg. No 01910042666) at Samara Branch of Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Science from 2002 to 2004.

27. Protected data transfer channel setting [№3 за 2012 год]
Authors: Шудрова К.Е., Почкаенко В.Ю.
Visitors: 23372
In The article presents result of study related to development of methodological and program and algorithmic foundation of setting protected data transfer channel. The article describes program implementation of the designed algorithm. The article contains client-server architecture solution based on the expressed problem, there are provided some variants of its use. The described algorithm includes important aspect of traffic prioritization, which helps to distribute the load effectively. Authors provide technique based on integration of additional information into the header of TCP package. The load is managed by identification technique with marks and cycle checking that implements them in the system. The authors named this algorithm as Privilege Mark. Authors considered two types of threats when they designed protected data transfer channel: unauthorized access to the network communicating units and unauthorized access during the transfer process through open communication channels. To prevent first type of threat and provide authentication, authors use confidential mark transfer method in the Privilege Mark algorithm. Steganography is used to protect data transfer channels from unauthorized access. Video stream is used here to be a container for hidden information, this provides high bandwidth of such solution. The article describes the software solution that implement such technique. The result can be used in practical arrangement of video conference with integrated protected data transfer mode and in theoretical studies related to the load distribution and operation modes and stegodata transfer.

28. Basic stages of training system development basic stages [№3 за 2012 год]
Author: Трембач В.М.
Visitors: 20498
Electronic systems represent the base of present day continuous education and its effectiveness. Intellectual training systems (ITS) gradually take leading position. This article discusses basic stages of ITS development. It provides short history of electronic education systems and it describes ITS appearance and development. The article explains ITS structure based on agent-oriented approach. The article separates verbal description of the subject field as one of the main stages; structuring of the verbal description related to the subject field with the purpose of development of educational subject; metadata formation about educational subject; creation of ITS knowledge base; development of the test objects (tasks) for assessment of education object study level. ITS provides integrated approach to presentation of the knowledge that helps to control knowledge base through visualization. The article discusses creation of the knowledge base about education objects using Petri nets. Use of the formal techniques as Petri nets for creation of the knowledge base with correct content can become foundation for computer techniques of IIS development. Analysis tool for description of competencies using accessibility tree and matrix Petri net theory sound attractive due to possibility of computer application for numerous processes. The article presents existing approaches to test procedures, it shows examples of state-of-the-art testing systems. The author provides construction of individual test path function, which shall be formed depending on existing competencies and used education forms.

29. Peculiarities of working with documents in information management systems [№3 за 2012 год]
Authors: Вичугова А.А., Вичугов В.Н., Дмитриева Е.А.
Visitors: 12039
The article describes aspects of document management in modern multiplayer communication systems that allow you to automate structured electronic information storage and management. Models of these information systems are considered. Analysis of the notion of «electronic document» is performed, including metadata and inner content, as well as the major differences between product data management systems (PDM) and electronic document management systems (ECM) concerning objects of «document» type. Possible states of a document's life cycle in the information system are listed. There are considered features of Workflow management methodology on the example of work with documents. There is a fragment from the developed model of project information management system as an example of the technological data management in instrument manufacture. There are compared document management features on the example of PDM-system Enovia SmarTeam of IBM and Dassault Systems production and domestic ECM-system DIRECTUM, developed by a homonymous Russian company.

30. Playback of heterogeneous videos on 3d object’s edges in visualization subsystem of training simulation system [№3 за 2012 год]
Author: Giatsintov A.M.
Visitors: 9256
This article describes a new method of playing heterogeneous videos on edges of objects in virtual 3d scene. Architecture of video files decoder is presented, algorithms for syncing audio and video data are depicted, as well as methods of uploading decoded video frames to the videocard memory. Limitations and issues of video playback in virtual scene are analyzed. Training Simulation Systems (TSS) should conform to the requirements of personnel training methods and usually contain a large number of informational resources. One type of resources that is used in training is video. Main advantages of using videos in TSS are: ability to visualize different processes and integration of instructor image into the virtual 3d scene. Video playback in virtual 3d scene is a complex task because there are factors to consider that are not relevant when playing video in media player. Visualization subsystem must be able to achieve acceptable framerate (not lesser than 25 frames per second) and react to external actions, such as scene parameters change and loading of additional objects. Developed architecture of video playback subsystem makes it possible to decode and visualize several high definition videos in 3d scene. The developed architecture consists of following components: video decoder that decodes video and audio packets; sound subsystem that plays the decoded sound; control module that is used to play specific video, pause it, set its volume and so on; interface that glues the video playback subsystem with visualization subsystem.

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