Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2018 year.

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11. Accented visualization in AR user interfaces [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Ivaschenko A.V., G.V. Katirkin, P.V. Sitniko, O.L. Surnin
Visitors: 8902
This paper presents a new technology of accented visualization for interactive user interfaces that implement modern technologies of Augmented Reality (AR). The analysis of existing approaches has identified a necessity to develop new approaches of AR applications design and development. In particular, it is necessary to develop new principles of UI elements allocation in space, which requires understanding of basic trends in usability. In order to solve the stated problem, the paper proposes a model that describes and combines the concepts of a scenario, focus, a context and an overlay context. Focus is used to represent the user’s current interest and attention. A context formalizes the infor-mation space, where the user functions. An overlay context attracts the user’s interest when required. Thу proposed model allows implementing a technology of accented visualization that consists of generating virtual objects, notifications and hints to attract the users’ attention using AR interfaces. As an example of the accented visualization approach implementation there is described utiliza-tion of the Eye Tracker to manage user’s attention. The provided experiments prove an idea that people acquire information differently and evaluate usability in a relatively new AR environment. The accented visualization technology makes it easier to use interactive panels and AR devices by adopting virtual and active elements of UI considering the requirements and preferences of particular users. The author recommend using the proposed technology in situational centres of monitoring of complex organizational and tech-nical systems, automated systems of post-production support and AR-based interactive electronic user manuals.

12. Development of a service industry software infrastructure in digital economy [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Ivaschenko A.V., S.A. Korchivoy
Visitors: 5781
This paper considers the problem of software development and performance evaluation for virtual intermediary operators in service industry at the stages of investment, as well as evaluation of the progress of the digital economy project implementation. The authors note the specific features of such solutions related to virtualization of services in digital social systems. In order to solve this problem, it is proposed to implement a model of infrastructural return of digital economy. The model is based on correlation of virtual benefits of digital economical system and its software infrastructure development expenses. Infrastructure implementing costs can consider investor marketing expenses, as well as the costs of R&D projects initiation and development considering investment risks. The model is based on a formal representation of products and services as interrelated services that require single or multiple actions of certain costs. It is proposed to present implementation of services based within the considered digital platform as a graph that connects IT infrastructure objects, service providers and providing services using the relations of infrastructural supply and implementation. In addition, there is a new effect of service emission. It arises when a subset of existing services and service accesses leads to generation of new services based on combination and intersection without using infrastructure. Analysis of the software platform efficiency is based on calculation of it’s implementation costs correlated with the income generated by the provided services. The proposed model has been used in practice as a part of the software for service industry virtual intermediary operators. It provides digital features by coordination of interaction between services providers and customers in integrated information space.

13. Lingware of computer-aided design system for a shaft press forging process [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Kanyukov S.I., Konovalov A.V., Muizemnek O.Yu., D.V. Kurennov, Partin A.S.
Visitors: 7721
The paper describes the main features of the specialized input language of the computer-aided system for shaft press forging processes. The system has been developed at the Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The developed input language allows users to make adjustments in an implementation forging sheet, starting from the selection of an ingot to the design of preparatory and main forging transitions. Each adjustment is a choice of the required solution in a drop-down menu, for example, the choice of the required ingot from the list of suitable ones, or a binary decision (forging or not forging an axle, including or excluding the selected ingot upset). Ot it might be changing numerical values of process parameters, which are within certain limits (intermediate blanks sizes, forging ratio, etc.). Since the boundaries of technological limitations are fuzzy due to the lack of formalization of the subject area in general, i.e. they are within a certain range of their values; the input language provides users with the opportunity to make adjustments to the system solutions with “insignificant output” beyond these boundaries. The computer-aided design of forging technological process has the determined technological rules taken out to the system knowledge base. A constituent part of the input language, which is related to the system knowledge base, allows efficient adjusting the technological design rules, which can be different in various enterprises, without modifying algorithms and programs. Application of the input language guarantees obtaining implementation forging sheets suitable for using in a production process and facilitates system implementation in various companies.

14. Information support of the development stage of solid dosage form composition [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Kornyushko V.F., O.M. Nikolaeva, I.V. Bogunova, A.A. Flid, A.A. Grebenshchikov
Visitors: 8248
The paper discusses the use of the system analysis for the information support of the development stage of the solid dosage form composition. It also presents the informational description diagram of the development and production life cycle of the medications in the IDEF0 nomination. The information support system for the composition development phase in the life cycle is based on a new QbD approach (Quality by Design), which should be implemented based on a medicine target profile – TPP (Target Product Profile). Technological parameters characterizing the main properties of the obtained intermediate products, CPP (Critical Process Parameter), were chosen as criteria for evaluating the optimization quality at all development stages. The paper describes the scheme of the intellectual control system for the development stage of the finished dosage form composition. The authors propose two algorithms for research management: one is for selecting support substances, and the second is for selecting optimal technological parameters for each stage. The paper considers in detail the construction of the parameter-fitting algorithm of all processes involved in obtaining the optimal composition of the finished medicines based on the multi-click regression model. It also considers the construction of the support substances database that is included in the intelligent control system structure. There are diagrams showing the basic sets of entities and the relationships between them. Among other things, there are some program code fragments that support the theoretical substantiation of the conducted research.

15. Algorithm of the controller of electromagnetic process control in a long line [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Lgotchikov V.V., V.N. Denisov, T.S. Larkina
Visitors: 5069
The paper discusses the issue of controlling the process of power allocation in a given secondary body cross section from currents induced by an inductor. This control can be applied in a number of flaw detection technologies, heating massive objects using induction currents. The inductor contains controlled voltage sources. The process control system must provide the ability to identify impact object (secondary body) parameters in order to fix and evaluate the effectiveness of the energy impact result. For mathematical description of electromagnetic processes in the inductor, the authors use an object representation by a long line with distributed parameters. The selected mathematical apparatus provides replacement of a variable in order to zero the boundary conditions. The voltage modulus is distributed along the line depending on time using the voltage expansion, introduction of new variables into a Fourier series with an integer number of half-waves of an odd sinusoidal function. The authors determine the balance by the amplitudes of discrete and continuous expansion in a row on a working frequency interval selected by the developer. They take into account the ratio of the voltage source frequency – the voltage wavelength along the line. The algorithm implements accuracy control in the representation of voltage distribution along a long line when solving a problem with the possibility of using it as a microcontroller control device. The increase in the number of series elements leads to complication of controller software that controls sources. If the line length and the required accuracy is known, it is possible to control the number of the expansion series optimally by varying source frequency. The authors used the Maple mathematical package to solve the problem and test the algorithm. The result is illustrated by a numerical example of a voltage distribution search with a specified voltage mismatch at line ends in phase, frequency and amplitude separately. The provided software is an integral part of the process control controller software.

16. A corpus manager system: corpus data architecture and models [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: D.R. Mukhamedshin, D.Sh. Sulejmanov
Visitors: 8241
Modern corpus data management systems allow solving a wide range of computer linguistics problems. Such systems are often based on ready-made solutions, which causes the problems with search query execution speed (data extraction), flexibility, scalability and extensibility of the system. This article considers the architecture of the corpus manager sys-tem for the Tatar Corpus. It also proposes a corpus data model that solves a number of problems of the existing corpus manager systems. The paper describes in detail the architecture of the software part of the system, which allows quick developing of additional modules and integrating third-party applications into the system. The corpus data model presented in the article is designed to solve quick search tasks using wordforms and lemmas (direct search), as well as morphological properties (reverse search). The developed model also allows phrasal and syntactic search, thus providing a solution for tasks related to more complex data extraction. The authors performed experiments in order to find the most optimal set of data storage technologies that allows solving the required problems and has the capability to expand the system functionality in the future. The paper presents the results of experiments, including the results of testing the performance of various CAD systems and data storages. The search module of the corpus manager system of the Tatar language corpus includes the described system architecture and the corpus data model. It shows a significant increase in the execution speed of search queries in comparison with similar modules in other systems.

17. Investigation of a combined algorithm for learning three-layer neural networks of different topologies [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Е.N. Ostroukh, L.N. Evich, Chernyshev Yu.O., S.D. Markin, P.А. Panasenko
Visitors: 7196
When learning a neural network, the weighting factors are adjusted based on minimizing a calculation error. When the objective function has a complex character and a big number of local extremums, network learning using gradient optimization methods does not often guarantee the finding of a global extremum. Nowadays, the solution of this problem for a large class of problems includes using genetic algorithms as the main method for learning backpropagation networks. The development of these algorithms has continued in the study of bioinspired algorithms and their hybrid modifications. The use of bioinspired algorithms, which are based on random search methods, allows solving the problem of bypassing local extremums and has high convergence rate. The paper considers a combined bioinspired algorithm that solves the global optimization problem when there are problems associated with learning artificial neural networks. The network structure and the number of neurons in each hidden layer are important parameters affecting the effectiveness of artificial neural networks learning. Three-layer neural networks can solve many complex problems. However, the effect of the number of neurons in each hidden layer on the convergence rate is under-explored in the general case. The paper studies a combination of the firefly algorithm and gradient descent developed by the authors for the study of three-layer neural networks of various topologies. The conducted research made it possible to identify topology from artificial neural networks. This topology makes it possible to obtain the most optimal solution for fewer steps. The analysis of the learning algorithm performance is based on the exceptional-OR (Xor) function.

18. Uniform distribution of computing processes and network load by the physical and logical cluster cores in UNIX-like systems [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: E.V. Palchevsky, A.R. Khalikov
Visitors: 6170
The article is devoted to the uniform distribution of computing processes in clusters. The designed hardware-software module Distribution to distribute computing processes (including network load) by physical and logical cores of the CPU through modification of Markov chains in a computing cluster. The paper shows load dependence of physical resources on the launched tasks on a computing cluster. The use the hardware-software Distribution module is justified. The authors also calculate the distribution of the circuit to transfer computing processes between physical servers of a cluster. The load distribution system consists of three stages: the first one is the algorithm development, the second one is technical implementation, and the third one is testing of a hardware-software module. The first stage presents the features of the developed hardware-software module: start, stop, restart, network stack load testing, kernel load setting. The second stage gives the scheme of the developed hardware-software module. The third stage includes testing a hardware-software module. During the testing, it was confirmed that the load on the computing resources of the physical server decreases. The developed solution reduces the load by 11.15 units. It also allows simultaneous launching of complex and resource-intensive computing processes without disrupting computer performance.

19. An agent approach when modeling the dynamics of changing quantitative and qualitative state of a fleet of special purpose radio systems [№4 за 2018 год]
Author: V.S. Pakhomov
Visitors: 5520
The article considers the problem of predicting the parameters of the dynamics of changing quantitative and qualitative state of a fleet of special-purpose radio system samples. It is shown that applying analytical methods when modeling the processes of changing the quantitative and qualitative states of a fleet of special-purpose radio systems becomes extremely difficult or almost impossible. The dynamism and uncertainty of the initial data, a big number of factors that need to be taken into account, nonstationarity, nonlinearity and stochasticity of the processes, a big number and discrete nature of the variables cause almost irresistible difficulties in the development of a formalized analytical model. To solve the problem of predicting the parameters of the dynamics of changing quantitative and qualitative states of a fleet of special-purpose radio system samples, it is proposed to use the agent approach in simulating discrete-event simulation of the dynamics of changing the state of complex organizational and technical systems. It will overcome the limitations of currently used analytical methods. Using a formalized representation of the process of changing sample states and an agent approach to the simulation of complex organizational and technical systems, there is a developed multi-agent model that enables predicting parameters of the dynamics of changing quantitative and qualitative states of many samples of special-purpose radio systems based on simulating the operational stage of the life cycle of equipment samples, taking into account stochastic processes of changing the technical state and control action constraints for a specified time period. The developed software package is based on the proposed model. The author proposes to use it when solving a wide range of problems. Firstly, the system is useful for operative determination of parameters of the dynamics of changing quantitative and qualitative states of a fleet of special-purpose radio system samples for specified control action constraints. Secondly, it can serve as a module of a decision support system for the justification of long-term programs and plans of program-targeted development of complex organizational and technical systems.

20. Development of a software tool for studying electromagnetic wave diffraction on nonlinear elements [№4 за 2018 год]
Author: V.N. Pichugin
Visitors: 4297
Nowadays the actual area of scientific research is nonlinear radar. Non-linear sensors for detecting the objects they mark and identifying them are in demand. Such nonlinear sensors-markers are installed on transported objects and transmit up to 1000 bits of information during identification. The object of the study is the diffraction of electromagnetic waves in nonlinear emitters of radio devices (sensors) operating in multi-wave mode. The research included modeling of arising electrodynamic effects. The goal is to develop a software tool and simulate diffraction characteristics of electromagnetic waves on a lattice of nonlinear elements. The software simulator is developed in the RAD Studio integrated environment using the OpenGL library on the Windows platform. All simulator properties that might be changed are used at the run-time mode, i.e. the front-end form and visual components are created during the compile process. The software simulator is designed to build a model of spectral characteristics in the long- and short-wave parts of the wave spectrum. It is also applicable when studying the characteristics of scattering from perfectly reflecting and semi-transparent obstacles in the free space or on extended surfaces. Similar methods of remote study of extended surfaces are based on the signal analysis that are formed as a result of reflection or electromagnetic waves emission by the pathways. They allow judging their relief, characteristics and type of different locations, sizes of different objects, etc. The main result of the study is the developed software methods for analyzing of non-linear emitters gratings in multi-wave reception, as well as software methods for calculating the diffraction characteristics at high frequencies taking into account the inhomogeneity of electromagnetic fields.

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